July 21, 2013

The Evidence of Design


There are four basic evidences of God's existence: 1) Creation, 2) Design, 3) Morality and 4) Fine Tuning. In this post we'll look at the evidence of design.

In the same way that every creation reflects a creator, every design reflects a designer. Even if creation was in complete disorder, it would still powerfully point towards a creator. But that’s not the case. Not only has the universe and everything in it been created, it’s clearly been created with design.

Plato decided that it was reasonable to believe in God based on “the order of the motion of the stars...” In other words, he saw that it was designed!

Sir Isaac Newton said, “When I look at the solar system, I see the earth at the right distance from the sun to receive the proper amounts of heat and light. This did not happen by chance.” In other words - it happened by design! And every design reflects a designer! Let me illustrate...

Imagine you walk into my office, see a can of Pepsi sitting on my desk, and ask “How did that get there?” What if I told you: Millennia ago, a huge explosion sent a small meteor spinning through space. As it cooled, a caramel-colored, effervescent liquid formed on its surface. As time passed, aluminum crept out of the water and shaped itself into just these dimensions. Over time, this thing formed itself a one-time retractable lid from which a crease appeared, a bit off-center, and out of it grew a pull-tab. Centuries later, red, white, and blue paint fell from the sky and clung to its exterior, forming the letters P-e-p-s-i on its surface. (Remember now: This Pepsi can fits perfectly in the palm of the normal-sized human hand. Its volume is just about right for satisfying one person’s desire for something sweet and liquid. It has just enough caffeine to pep you up, but not so much that you realize you’re actually in an artificial state of stimulation. Its contents are always the same. Its quality never varies.)

How many scientific explanations about the nature of matter and the origins of the universe would I have to give to convince you that the Pepsi can happened by chance vs by design? What are the odds that something this complex, useful, comfortable and attractive came about as a result of a random collision of molecules? Rational human beings conclude: The can is too carefully designed to have been formed by chance or coincidence! Some very smart people did some careful thinking and planning to create it.

Well, creation, like the can of Pepsi, shows evidence of design. Take for example the banana. The banana fits perfectly in the palm of your hand. In fact, it fits better than the Pepsi can. It’s been thoughtfully made with a non-slip surface. It comes with a time-sensitive indicator on the outside to let you know the condition of the contents before you even open it. Green means “don’t eat me yet”. Yellow means “eat me now” and black means “too late - you should’ve eaten me earlier.” The banana’s top contains a pull-tab for convenient opening. Pull back firmly on the tab, and it peels neatly according to its pre-made perforations. Unlike the Pepsi can, this wrapper is environmentally sensitive, made completely of bio-degradable substances that in time enrich the soil it nestles in. If left uneaten, it has pre-programmed orders to reproduce itself into a whole new fruit-bearing plant, so it is a virtually inexhaustible food-producing source (wouldn’t it be cool if your soda could reproduce all on its on?). The banana is full of bodybuilding calories and is easy for the stomach to digest. And the Maker-of-the-banana has even curved it toward the face to make the whole eating experience easier and more pleasant.

Now like the Pepsi can, it’s very clear the banana was designed - that someone with intelligence put some careful thought and planning into the design of the banana. But let me ask you a question: How is it that some people can look at the design present in a can of Pepsi and conclude “Someone made this!”, yet when they look at creation and see the same design and careful planning, conclude “It happened by chance!”? When someone draws conclusions so inconsistently, to me it reveals their prejudice against God as well as their commitment to any theory (no matter how silly) so long as the theory doesn’t include God.

Things are much easier for the Christian. Not being committed to eliminating God as an option no matter what the evidence shows, the Christian has a simple answer. God not only created the universe, but is also responsible for the design found within that which he created. King David (the guy who killed Goliath with the sling shot) said to God in Psalm 139:14, “Thank you for making me so wonderfully complex! Your workmanship is marvelous...” NLT Why did David believe God existed? He saw clearly that he was designed, and as we’ve just learned: every design reflects a designer. 

Suppressing the Truth

In previous posts we discussed the three main explanations for the origin of the universe: 1) Creation by Creator, 2) Creation by Chaos, and 3) Creation by Chance. In these posts I explained why creation by chaos and creation by chance are such foolish theories. But the question begs to be answered: If creation by chaos and creation by chance are so ridiculous, why do so many scientists, professors and public school educators teach these theories? 

It’s clear to me that many educators and scientists alike have intentionally chosen to believe and teach these foolish theories that defy common sense and logic, simply because they don’t like the alternative. They’d rather affirm an explanation that makes no sense than attribute the creation of the universe to the God of the Bible. Why?

Well, Romans chapter one explains it this way: In Romans 1 the apostle Paul tells us that even though knowledge of God is obvious through creation (through what has been made), godless and wicked people intentionally suppress the truth (about God) because they prefer wickedness to truth. Simply put, many people aren’t interested in truth, because truth gets in the way of their sin, which they don’t want to give up. Not wanting to hear the truth, learn about the truth, or accept the truth (which demands they change), these people accept and teach any old theory so long as it doesn’t condemn their sinful lifestyle, even if the theory is improbable or seemingly impossible. And it doesn’t seem to matter how foolish the theory is - so long as it doesn’t involve God. For people looking for ways to avoid the truth - a crazy theory without God is better than a credible one with God. 

Creation by Chance

There are three basic options for explaining the origins of the universe: 1) Creation by Creator, 2) Creation by Chaos, and 3) Creation by Chance. In this post we'll look at option #3: Creation by Chance.

When people say that the universe was created by “chance”, they are saying that “chance” is a being that has the power to create, which isn’t true. On the contrary, chance simply refers to the mathematical odds that something will or will not happen. For example...

When a coin is tossed, we say it landed heads or tails “by chance”, but matter of factly it landed heads or tails as a result of a variety of factors (i.e. what side did it start on, how hard was the coin flicked into the air, was there wind, what kind of surface did it land on, at what angle did it land, etc.). When it lands one way or the other, it didn’t happen by chance, it happened as the result of a variety of different factors.

The word “chance” is simply another word for “odds”. And when we talk about chance we’re simply talking about the odds of something happening. When we toss a coin the chances (or odds) of it landing heads is fifty-fifty. The same is true for tails. But whether heads or tails, nothing happened by chance.

Chance can’t cause things to happen because chance has no being. Again - chance is not a thing that operates and works upon other things. Chance is just a mental concept that refers to mathematical possibilities. It has no being. And because it has no being, it has no power and therefore can’t cause things to happen. So when people state that the universe was created by chance, they are really saying the universe was created by nothing. And as a matter of prudence we ought to stop saying that nothing causes something, because it’s a nonsense statement.

So for me personally, not only do I reject the “creation by chaos” theory, I also reject the “creation by chance” theory as well. Why? Because I after studying the evidence, I think it takes for faith to believe in creation by chaos or creation by chance, than creation by creator.

Creation by Chaos

There are three basic options for explaining the origins of the universe: 1) Creation by Creator, 2) Creation by Chaos, and 3) Creation by Chance. In this post we'll look at option #2: Creation by Chaos.

This theory says chaos is responsible for the order in the universe that we see today. One of the featured articles in the 2013 July issue of National Geographic magazine is entitled “It All Began With Chaos”. And this is what public school teaches our kids - that all the right particles and elements needed for life to begin were just floating around and one day “bamb!”, they collided in a cosmic storm and “whallah!”, life as we know it began. But let’s consider this teaching: that order comes from chaos. Let’s consider whether this is something we really believe. 

What if you came over my house and saw a beautiful in-ground pool in my backyard and when you asked me about it, I told you that the June 1st tornado of 2011 died down right over my backyard and that when all the building materials that were spinning in the tornado dropped to the ground, they just formed this beautiful pool. Would you believe me? Of course not! But what if I tried to reason with you that in Springfield the tornado hit the buildings and that’s where the bricks came from...as it crossed the Connecticut river it picked up the water, trees and shrubs...and that as it passed Rocky’s Hardware on the way to my house it picked up the fencing that’s now around the pool? Would that explanation stand to reason? No! Why? Because we all know that order doesn’t come from chaos. Order comes from an organizer.

So personally, I reject the popular theory “creation by chaos”. I think the much better option is "creation by Creator".